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Sunday, 17 May 2015

Google Cloud Prices and $300 free credit to spend on all Cloud Platform products

$300 free credit , Cloud Platform products
Google Cloud Prices and $300 free credit to spend on all Cloud Platform products
Today Google threw down the gauntlet to challenge AWS public cloud supremacy by announcing significant price reductions across its Google Cloud Platform. The eye-opening price cuts covered compute (32-percent reduction), storage (68-percent reduction), and BigQuery (85-percent reduction). Google also signaled that future reductions could follow Moore’s Law — citing that historically public cloud prices have dropped only 6 to 8 percent annually as compared to 20- to 30-percent reductions in hardware prices.

New to Google Cloud Platform? It offers $300 in credit to spend on all Cloud Platform products for your first 60 days. Your trial is absolutely free and you will not be billed unless you decide to upgrade to a paid account. See our free trial FAQ for more information.

Even more significantly, Google announced new sustained-use pricing for compute services that will offer a simpler and more flexible approach as compared to the complexity of reserved instance pricing from AWS. Sustained-use pricing will discount the on-demand baseline hourly rate automatically as a particular instance is used for a larger percentage of the month — tiering the hourly rate down as you hit 25 percent, 50 percent, and 75 percent of time in a month. At 100 percent usage, customers will save 30 percent on Google baseline rates. Pricing should be as simple as possible, while following the falling cost of computation defined by Moore's Law. If you have specific billing questions, take a look at our frequently asked questions.

75% Off Local SSD Storage until May 21, 2015

Google would like you to experience the performance of Local SSD firsthand. To make it even easier to try out the feature, we're giving our customers a discounted trial. For the next month (April 21, 2015 to May 21, 2015), Local SSD will be priced at $0.055 per GB/month. After that time, the price will return to its normal $0.218 per GB/month.
To get started, read the local SSD documentation and create a local SSD.

When charging in local currency, Google will convert the prices listed into applicable local currency pursuant to the conversion rates published by leading financial institutions. Google Cloud Platform does not offer discounts to non-profits, educational organizations or open-source projects.


Google, in an attempt to simplify the complexity of AWS reserved instance purchase decisions, requires no commitment or upfront investment to qualify for sustained-use discounts. Instead, Google’s sustained-use pricing will be automatically calculated and applied to a Google user’s monthly bill based on the user’s level of sustained-use on the same instance types. Google has indicated that the majority of its cloud customers run servers for 90-100 percent of the time, and will therefore automatically receive the maximum level of discounts. This removes the pain of having to predict usage in advance, paying up front, and suffering the lock-in that goes with it.

To help cloud users better understand these pricing changes, RightScale has analyzed Google vs AWS pricing for compute services. We compared pure on-demand pricing between Google and AWS as well as Google sustained-use pricing vs AWS reserved instances (RIs). If you want to analyze the impact of Google prices on your own cloud spend, get a free trial of RightScale Cloud Analytics to analyze your past usage and create scenarios to forecast future spend on Google or other clouds.

On-Demand Pricing Comparison: Google vs AWS

First, we compared Google’s on-demand baseline rates (assuming 0-25 percent usage) to on-demand rates for similar instance types on AWS. We compared instance types based on the number of CPU cores. However, it is important to note that some of the AWS instances have more memory than the comparable instance types on Google, so you may need to adjust your comparison for memory-intensive use cases. 
In all the cases that we analyzed for on-demand, Google was significantly cheaper — saving customers 38-60 percent compared to AWS rates. In addition, if your usage extends past 25 percent of time during the month, you will automatically get a lower rate with Google, while AWS users would need to purchase reserved instances to achieve a lower rate. If AWS users don’t purchase RIs, the savings with Google grow further.



However, it is important to note that buying AWS reserved instances requires a one-year or three-year commitment for the same instance type with the same operating system in the same region. If AWS hourly on-demand rates go down during the three years, you will not get the lower price. AWS does sometimes reduce hourly pricing for reserved instances, however, looking at historical precedent, AWS does not always apply these savings to your already purchased RIs. In contrast, Google sustained-use pricing is calculated as a percentage of the on-demand baseline rate. As Google’s baseline rates go down, the sustained-use prices will fall as well. 

As a result, all future Google price drops are passed on to all customers immediately when they take effect. Given the continual price reductions in cloud pricing, you may find that the ability to take advantage of future Google price drops might bring the price below even AWS three-year heavy reserved instances.

What About Storage?

Its important to note that AWS instances include SSD storage, while Google Compute instances do not. Some cloud users run stateless servers and therefore don’t take full advantage of instance storage. However, cloud users that use instance storage would need to take this into account when comparing AWS and Google prices. 

In a future blog post, we will analyze the new Google storage prices vs AWS. An initial look shows that Google Cloud Storage could offer savings compared to AWS S3.

Simplicity, Flexibility, Predictability

The new Google sustained-use pricing avoids the complexity, lock-in, and upfront costs of AWS reserved instance purchases. Google users will automatically receive the best price for their level of usage, with no planning required on their part. However, tying the sustained-use discounts to Google’s monthly billing cycle could create an incentive to make decisions such as switching instance sizes on the monthly billing boundaries.

Similar to on-demand pricing with any cloud provider, unless you have an accurate forecast of your cloud usage, it may be hard to predict in advance what the exact monthly costs will be with Google sustained-use pricing. If this usage and the accompanying costs could be predicted more accurately, IT teams could allocate the savings to other projects or additional cloud capacity. 

Check out RightScale Cloud Analytics, which can help you analyze past usage and create multiple scenarios to forecast future spend on Google or other clouds. We’ve been working hard to include these Google price cuts as well as sustained-use pricing in RightScale Cloud Analytics. As of today you can forecast your cloud spend in Cloud Analytics Scenario Builder and apply either the baseline price or the 75-100 percent sustained-use price tier. We’ll be adding the other sustained-use tiers shortly.

Final Lines: For many cloud users, Google now offers significantly lower prices for compute resources. However, our whitepaper Cloud Pricing Trends shows that AWS has been aggressive in price cuts as well, and we certainly have not seen the last salvo in the cloud price wars. If AWS follows suit with price reductions, chalk up a win for cloud users.
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Wednesday, 22 April 2015

Top 200 World Class University List and Admission

List and Admission , Top 200 World Class University
Top 200 World Class University List and Admission
The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2014-2015 list the best global universities and are the only international university performance tables to judge world class universities across all of their core missions - teaching, research, knowledge transfer and international outlook. The top universities rankings employ 13 carefully calibrated performance indicators to provide the most comprehensive and balanced comparisons available, which are trusted by students, academics, university leaders, industry and governments.

Top 200 World Class University List and Admission


You can view the full World University Rankings 2014-2015 top 400 below and explore the criteria used to assess the world’s greatest universities, while our in-depth analysis of the results shines more light on the data.

Note: Universities that display a blue icon feature an enhanced institutional profile, which can be viewed by clicking the institution's name.
Harvard university has once again topped the Times Higher Education's world reputation ranking of universities. The 2013 rankings, show the US dominating the list with more than 40 institutions in the top 100. Following Harvard are Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Cambridge university, taking second and third place respectively. Oxford university has climbed two places since the 2012 rankings, to take fourth place and Stanford university has dropped down to sixth. The rankings also highlight a big improvement for Australia which now has six universities represented in the top 100 - the third highest representation in the list behind the US and the UK. Australia has two new entries: the university of New South Wales and Monash university. With nine universities in the top 100, the UK has the second highest number of representatives after the US. University College London (UCL) has moved up one place to 20th and the London School of Economics (LSE) has jumped up to 25th in the latest rankings. Manchester university has entered the top 50 for the first time and Edinburgh university, the only Scottish institution in the list, has moved up three places to 46th place. It's not such good news for Leeds university though, the university has dropped out of the top 100 since the 2012 rankings placed them within the 81-90 band. Overall, the UK's representation in the top 100 has declined since 2011. Phil Baty, rankings editor at Times Higher Education magazine, said: There is some good news for the UK, but only for a handful of its elite institutions. Outside the chosen few, there is cause for alarm: the UK has lost three institutions from the world top 100 list since the reputation rankings were first published in 2011. Traditionally, the strength in depth of the UK system has been one of its great features. Having a large number of institutions with truly world-class standing has delivered huge returns for the whole sector and the wider economy. However, it now seems that a gap is opening up between the very best and the rest, with even household name institutions like Sheffield and Leeds losing their lustre and falling down the rankings. In total, 20 countries are represented in the list. The chart above shows the rankings broken down by country for 2012 and 2013. The visualisation below shows how 2013's top 25 institutions by reputation have switched positions since the 2011 edition of this report. Harvard, MIT and Cambridge have been first, second and third respectively every year, while LSE, UCLA and Columbia University (NY) have seen the largest rises over that period. The annual world reputation rankings, a subsidiary of the Times Higher Education world university rankings, are based based on the results of the Academic Reputation Survey carried out by Ipsos MediaCT for Thomson Reuters. The full methodology for the rankings along with the individual scores by university can be found on the Times Higher Education site. The latest release by Times Higher Education ranking brings to attention a group that the university ranking specialists have dubbed the 'super-brands' - a collection of elite Anglo-American universities making up the top six. According to the latest release the 'super-brands', headed by Harvard and including MIT, Cambridge, Oxford, the University of California, Berkeley and Stanford University are "heads and shoulders above the rest". Here are some other findings from the release: • Five countries are represented in the top 20: the US, UK, Japan, Canada and Switzerland • The University of Tokyo at 9th place, is the highest ranking university outside of the UK or US • Six countries (compared with only four last year) have one representative in the top 100: Brazil, Taiwan, Belgium, Israel, Russia and Turkey • Japan, the Netherlands and Germany each have five top 100 institutions, with Germany gaining a new entrant in 2013 (Freie Universität Berlin) You can see the full 2013 world reputation rankings below, we have also included the 2012 and 2011 positions. The downloadable spreadsheet also contains breakdowns by country. What can you do with the data?

Data summary
Times Higher Education world reputation rankings
2013 Rank 2012 Rank 2011 Rank Institution Country
1 1 1 Harvard University US
2 2 2 Massachusetts Institute of Technology US
3 3 3 University of Cambridge UK
4 6 6 University of Oxford UK
5 5 4 University of California, Berkeley US
6 4 5 Stanford University US
7 7 7 Princeton University US
8 9 12 University of California, Los Angeles US
9 8 8 University of Tokyo Japan
10 10 9 Yale University US
11 11 10 California Institute of Technology US
12 12 13 University of Michigan US
13 15 23 Columbia University US
14 14 15 University of Chicago US
14 13 11 Imperial College London UK
16 16 17 University of Toronto Canada
17 16 16 Cornell University US
18 19 22 University of Pennsylvania US
19 18 14 Johns Hopkins University US
20 21 19 University College London UK
20 22 24 Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich Switzerland
22 23 27 National University of Singapore Singapore
23 20 18 Kyoto University Japan
24 23 21 University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign US
25 29 37 London School of Economics and Political Science UK
26 37 28 Carnegie Mellon University US
27 32 31 University of Texas at Austin US
27 28 26 University of Washington US
29 34 51-60 New York University US
30 27 25 University of Wisconsin-Madison US
31 25 31 University of British Columbia Canada
31 33 36 Duke University US
31 25 29 McGill University Canada
34 36 30 University of California, San Diego US
35 30 35 Tsinghua University China
36 39 42 The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
37 35 40 Northwestern University US
38 41 39 Georgia Institute of Technology US
39 43 45 University of Melbourne Australia
40 31 34 University of California, San Francisco US
41 51-60 51-60 Seoul National University Korea, Republic Of
42 44 51-60 Australian National University Australia
42 39 19 University of Massachusetts US
44 42 48 Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Germany
45 38 43 Peking University China
46 49 45 University of Edinburgh UK
47 51-60 61-70 University of Manchester UK
48 44 38 University of California, Davis US
49 50 51-60 The University of Sydney Australia
50 Lomonosov Moscow State University Russian Federation
50 47 47 Purdue University US
51-60 51-60 49 Delft University of Technology Netherlands
51-60 61-70 71-80 École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Switzerland
51-60 91-100 Middle East Technical University Turkey
51-60 47 43 University of Minnesota US
51-60 46 41 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill US
51-60 51-60 51-60 The Ohio State University US
51-60 51-60 50 Osaka University Japan
51-60 51-60 61-70 Pennsylvania State University US
51-60 51-60 51-60 University of California, Santa Barbara US
51-60 61-70 81-90 National Taiwan University Taiwan
61-70 61-70 91-100 The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong
61-70 51-60 51-60 Karolinska Institute Sweden
61-70 61-70 61-70 King's College London UK
61-70 81-90 91-100 Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Korea, Republic Of
61-70 81-90 81-90 Leiden University Netherlands
61-70 61-70 University of São Paulo Brazil
61-70 61-70 71-80 University of Southern California US
61-70 61-70 61-70 Technische Universität München Germany
61-70 51-60 51-60 Tohoku University Japan
61-70 51-60 51-60 Tokyo Institute of Technology Japan
71-80 61-70 Hebrew University of Jerusalem Israel
71-80 61-70 71-80 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Germany
71-80 81-90 81-90 Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium
71-80 71-80 71-80 Michigan State University US
71-80 81-90 91-100 Nanyang Technological University Singapore
71-80 71-80 Université Paris-Sorbonne France
71-80 61-70 51-60 University of Pittsburgh US
71-80 71-80 81-90 The University of Queensland Australia Australia
71-80 71-80 81-90 Universität Heidelberg Germany
81-90 71-80 81-90 University of Amsterdam Netherlands
81-90 91-100 61-70 Boston University US
81-90 81-90 Brown University US
81-90 81-90 The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong
81-90 91-100 61-70 École Polytechnique France
81-90 81-90 61-70 University of Florida US
81-90 The University of New South Wales Australia
81-90 91-100 Université Pierre et Marie Curie France
81-90 91-100 71-80 Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey US
81-90 71-80 71-80 Utrecht University Netherlands
81-90 71-80 71-80 Washington University in St Louis US
91-100 91-100 81-90 University of Bristol UK
91-100 Freie Universität Berlin Germany
91-100 81-90 71-80 Lund University Sweden
91-100 University of Maryland, College Park US
91-100 Monash University Australia
91-100 91-100 Université Paris-Sud France
91-100 71-80 81-90 Texas A&M University US
91-100 71-80 61-70 Uppsala University Sweden
91-100 91-100 Wageningen University and Research Center Netherlands
Source: THE</div>
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Earning limitaion after completing a University Degree in US

completing a University Degree in US , Earning limitaion after
Earning limitaion after completing a University Degree in US
Want to know what kind of salary you could expect in your chosen profession? Take a look at the latest average salaries in a range of career sectors, based on national data for the US and UK. These averages provide a rough indication of how much you could expect to earn with your degree in today’s economies. 
How Much Could You Earn With Your Degree? main image

If you’re still studying or still choosing a degree, it’s likely that salaries will have increased a little by the time you enter the labor market – along with rising living costs – but this list should still provide an indication of how different areas of employment compare.

Accounting & finance

Average accounting & finance salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Brokers
£133,677
Actuaries, economists and statisticians
£61,749
Business and financial project management professionals
£47,795
Taxation experts
£46,551
Finance and investment analysts and advisers
£45,490
Financial and accounting technicians
£44,080
Insurance underwriters
£43,487
Financial accounts managers
£41,389
Chartered and certified accountants
£38,692
Finance officers
£24,418


Average accounting & finance salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Actuaries
$107,740
Accountants and auditors
$72,500
Personal financial advisors
$99,920
Financial analysts
$91,620
Financial examiners
$86,980
Financial specialists
$74,270
Credit analysts
$72,590
Insurance underwriters
$70,110
Compliance officers
$66,770
Cost estimators
$63,660
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents
$56,120
Tax preparers
$43,350


Architecture

Average architecture salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Architects
£43,307
Chartered architectural technologists
£33,651
Architectural and town planning technicians
£29,427


Average architecture salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Architectural and engineering managers
$136,540
Marine engineers and naval architects
$94,040
Architects (except naval)
$77,850
Architectural and civil drafters
$51,250


Art & design

Average art & design salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Arts officers, producers and directors
£37,519
Graphic designers
£25,952
Artists
£23,228
Archivists and curators
£22,264
Musicians
£21,414


Average art & design salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Agents and managers of artists, performers and athletes
$96,410
Actors, producers and directors
$89,020
Artists and related workers
$75,270
Archivists, curators and museum technicians
$50,770
Designers
$46,250


Business & management

Average business & management salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Chief executives and senior officials
£107,703
Marketing and sales directors
£82,962
Financial managers and directors
£76,320
Human resource managers
£56,315
Purchasing managers and directors
£52,683
Sales accounts and business development managers
£51,576
Business and financial project management professionals
£47,795
Management consultants and business analysts
£43,820
Business, research and administrative professionals
£35,545
Business sales executives
£33,432
Sales administrators
£19,468


Average business & management salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Management analysts
$89,990
Logisticians
$76,330
Budget analysts
$72,560
Business operations specialists
$69,030
Market research analysts and marketing specialists
$67,780
Human resources specialists
$61,560
Training and development specialists
$60,780


Computer science & information technology

Average computer science & IT salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Information technology and telecommunications directors
£80,215
IT specialist managers
£49,194
IT project and program managers
£48,144
IT business analysts, architects and systems designers
£46,197
IT and telecommunications professionals
£40,957
Programmers and software development professionals
£40,748
Telecommunications engineers
£32,320


Average computer science & IT salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Computer and information research scientists
$109,260
Software developers and programmers
$92,820
Information security analysts
$91,210
Computer systems analysts
$85,320
Database and systems administrators and network architects
$82,960
Computer programmers
$80,930
Web developers
$67,540
Computer support specialists
$53,660


Engineering

Average engineering salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Aircraft pilots and flight engineers
£90,146
Research and development managers
£52,882
Production managers and directors in manufacturing
£49,690
Electrical engineers
£46,984
Mechanical engineers
£43,029
Electronics engineers
£41,685
Design and development engineers
£40,245
Civil engineers
£40,200
Production and process engineers
£38,223
Quality control and planning engineers
£36,454
Engineering technicians
£34,355


Average engineering salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Computer hardware engineers
$106,930
Aerospace engineers
$105,450
Chemical engineers
$104,340
Electronics engineers (except computer)
$97,870
Mining and geological engineers
$96,950
Nuclear engineers
$96,950
Petroleum engineers
$96,950
Marine engineers and naval architects
$94,040
Biomedical engineers
$93,960
Electrical engineers
$93,380
Materials engineers
$89,930
Mechanical engineers
$85,930
Civil engineers
$85,640
Environmental engineers
$85,520
Industrial engineers
$83,390
Agricultural engineers
$78,880
Engineering technicians (except drafters)
$56,080
Drafters
$53,640


Law

Average legal salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Legal professionals
£73,425
Solicitors
£46,576
Barristers and judges
£43,368
Legal associate professionals
£30,911


Average legal salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Lawyers
$131,990
Judges, magistrate judges and magistrates
$105,380
Arbitrators, mediators and conciliators
$76,840
Court reporters
$54,760
Judicial law clerks
$53,890
Paralegals and legal assistants
$51,170


Media & communications

Average media & communications salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Advertising and public relations directors
£77,619
Advertising accounts managers and creative directors
£40,510
Journalists, newspaper and periodical editors
£34,639
Public relations professionals
£29,488
Authors, writers and translators
£25,767


Average media & communications salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Writers and editors
$66,160
Public relations specialists
$63,020
News analysts, reporters and correspondents
$48,380
Media and communication equipment workers
$48,320
Announcers
$41,190


Medicine & life sciences

Average medical & life sciences salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Medical practitioners
£69,463
Dental practitioners
£40,268
Biological scientists and biochemists
£38,108
Veterinarians
£37,763
Pharmacists
£37,439
Paramedics
£36,771
Psychologists
£36,495


Average medical & life sciences salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Physicians and surgeons
$191,880
Dentists
$168,870
Veterinarians
$96,140
Medical scientists
$89,390
Biological scientists
$77,630
Psychologists
$74,310
Conservation scientists and foresters
$61,890


Natural sciences

Average natural sciences salaries in the UK 
(data from the Office for National Statistics, 2014)
Physical scientists
£50,763
Natural and social science professionals
£36,594
Chemical scientists
£34,099
Environment professionals
£32,036


Average natural sciences salaries in the US 
(data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2013)
Physical scientists
$84,300
Environmental scientists and geoscientists
$81,360
Chemists and materials scientists
$78,780
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Best Universities for Social Sciences & Management 2015 Globally

Best Universities for Social Sciences , Reputation Management
Best Universities for Social Sciences & Management 2015 Globally
Looking to study economics, political science, international relations, law or another subject in the field of social sciences and management at one of the top universities in the world? Check out the latest results of the QS World University Rankings by Faculty to discover the top universities in the world for social sciences and management this year. These rankings draw data on research citations, along with the opinions of academics and employers worldwide, in order to highlight the world’s leading institutions in each faculty area.
Top Universities for Social Sciences &amp; Management 2014 main image

Below are 2015'S top universities in the world for social sciences and management, in video and list format…

Top 10 universities for social sciences & management 2014

1. Harvard University

Last year’s rank: 1st

Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

Type: Private research (Ivy League)

Fact: Harvard University, the top university in the world for social science and management, has more than its fair share of notable alumni, including the likes of Mark Zuckerberg, the creator of Facebook, and John F Kennedy, former president of the US.

2. London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)

Last year’s rank: 2nd

Location: London, UK

Type: Public research

Fact: Informally known as LSE, the London School of Economics and Political Science is the UK’s leading university specializing in the social sciences, and is lauded for the impressive number of Nobel Prize winners among its alumni and staff, particularly in the economics field.

3. University of Oxford

Last year’s rank: 3rd

Location: Oxford, UK

Type: Collegiate research

Fact: Oxford University is comprised of a total of 39 individual colleges and related buildings and is the oldest English-speaking university in the world.

4. University of Cambridge

Last year’s rank: 4th

Location: Cambridge, UK

Type: Public research (with private colleges)

Fact: Among the University of Cambridge’s most famous colleges are King’s College, Trinity Hall, Trinity College, Darwin College, Corpus Christi College and Downing College.

5. Stanford University

Last year’s rank: 5th

Location: Stanford, California, US

Type: Private research

Fact: Undergraduate programs at Stanford University are the most selective in the country, with only 5.07% of applicants gaining acceptance for the 2018 class.

6. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

Last year’s rank: 7=

Location: Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

School: Private research, land grant

Fact: You may know it boasts alumni such as the likes of astronaut Buzz Aldrin and aviation pioneer James Doolittle, but did you also know the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT) offers a “pirate certificate” to students who complete classes in archery, sailing, pistol and fencing?


7. University of Chicago

Last year’s rank: 11th

Location: Chicago, Illinois, US

Type: Private research

Fact: The University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business is the second-oldest business school in the world, established in 1898, eight years after the founding of the university itself.

8. University of California, Berkeley (UCB)

Last year’s rank: 9=

Location: Berkeley, California, US

Type: Public research

Fact: Students at the University of California, Berkeley were awarded more Graduate Research Fellowships from the National Science Foundation than students of any other US university in the past decade.

9. National University of Singapore (NUS)

Last year’s rank: 9=

Location: Southwest Singapore

Type: Public research

Fact: The National University of Singapore (NUS) is the oldest and largest (in terms of enrollment and curriculum) university in Singapore and its notable alumni include four Singaporean and two Malaysian Prime Ministers.

10=. London Business School

Last year’s rank: 12th

Location: London, UK

Type: Public business school

Fact: A constituent college of the University of London system, London Business School is the only school in Europe (and one of three in the world) to offer a Sloan Fellowship MSc program.

10=. Yale University

Last year’s rank: 7=

Location: New Haven, Connecticut, US

Type: Private research (Ivy League)

Fact: Over 2,000 undergraduate courses are taught at Yale University, and notable alumni include as many as five US presidents, 19 US Supreme Court Justices and 13 living billionaires.

About the QS World University Rankings by Faculty

The QS World University Rankings by Faculty aims to highlight the top universities in the world within five major subject areas. These five fields cover arts & humanities, engineering & technology, life sciences & medicine, natural sciences, and social sciences & management. The rankings are compiled using data on research citations, as well as the results of QS’s global surveys of academics and employers.
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Why Study Business and Can Do With a Business Degree from University

Business Degree from University , Why Study Business
Why Study Business and Can Do With a Business Degree from University
Business and related subjects (such as the ‘FAME’ group – finance, accounting, management and economics) are among the most popular fields of study at universities worldwide, particularly at graduate level. You might have some vague ideas about why this is the case – business graduates are in high demand worldwide, business touches on pretty much every aspect of modern human society, careers with a business degree are diverse and often highly paid – and these assumptions are likely to be largely true.
What Can You Do With a Business Degree? main image

But if you’re still not quite convinced, here’s a deeper exploration of the question, ‘Why study business?’

First, it’s important to recognize that there are many different types of business degrees to choose from, offering different specializations and benefits, and applicable to people at different stages of development and with very different career goals.

Types of business degrees

The term ‘business degrees’ is typically understood to include a fairly wide group of courses, some highly specialized and others more interdisciplinary; some more academic and others primarily focused on practical professional development. You can categorize types of business degrees by level (ie. undergraduate, graduate, professional), and also by subject focus. Some of the areas of study likely to be covered by different types of business degrees, either directly or as supplementary elements, include:

Accounting
Management sciences
Computer sciences
Finance
Sociology
Entrepreneurship
Marketing
Law
Modern languages
Human resource management
Quantitative techniques (mathematics)

Strategic management
Economics

At undergraduate level, and on some graduate-level business degrees, students are able to gain a foundation in many of these aspects of the business world, before choosing a specialization. From master’s level onwards, it’s more usual for business degrees to be focused on a particular aspect of business, though there may still be a lot of flexibility for students to shape the course to match their own interests. Meanwhile MBA (Master of Business Administration) and Executive MBA programs are targeted at those who have already gained significant professional experience, and typically have more of a focus on professional development.

Whichever level you study business at, and whatever field of specialization you choose, you can expect all types of business degrees to have a strong emphasis on the practical application of theory, through the use of case studies, problem-solving tasks, project and team work, and often also internships and placement schemes.

Careers with a business degree

The combination of academic challenge and practical focus makes the prospect of studying a business degree highly appealing for those attracted to the competitive yet collaborative learning environment offered by many business schools and departments. But for most people, the answer to the question ‘Why study business?’ is best answered by reference to possible careers with a business degree.

Business graduates go on to work in myriad different sectors, and not all of them are those you would typically associate with business in general. More obvious careers with a business degree include roles in accounting and finance departments, which take in large numbers of business degree graduates. Other sectors with high demand for business graduates include marketing and advertising, as well as retail, sales, human resources and business consultancy. The diversity and plenitude of careers with a business degree underlies the subject’s appeal for many students.

If you’re unsure of how to start developing your career after graduation, you may consider joining one of the many graduate training schemes which many large and international companies run. These often allow graduates to spend time completing traineeships in different parts of the business, and often different regions of the world, before opting for a particular career track to pursue.

You could also use your business degree to pursue roles within SMEs (small- to medium-sized enterprises), innovative new start-ups, charities, non-profit organizations and NGOs. If you have a bright idea and the knowledge to back it up, you may even consider launching your own business,


Depending on your area of interest and the specialization of your business degree, possible careers with a business degree could include:

Management consultancy
Teaching/training
Marketing
Trading
Chartered accountancy
Market research
Advertising
Retail buying
Personnel officer
Investment banking
Retail management
Public relations officer
Bank management
Sales
Distribution and logistics management
Insurance underwriting
Consumer products

Business degree salary expectations

As already mentioned, earnings potential is at the heart of many business’ students motivation. While you shouldn’t expect a huge business degree salary as soon as you graduate, the skills and knowledge gained from a business degree should facilitate your career progression, making it easier to climb into management-level positions with higher salaries.

The message really is: the business degree itself does not automatically mean a high salary – though graduating from a highly reputed business school with strong grades is certainly likely to open up some interesting opportunities and perhaps a large business degree salary. You’ll still need to prove yourself, and be ready to work hard, if you want to reach your career and salary goals – and be prepared for plenty of competition.

In the US 2013-14 PayScale College Salary Report, the average starting business degree salary was reported at US$43,500, with the average mid-career salary at US$71,000. The figures vary depending on the specialization: international business graduates are projected to start on US$43,800 rising to $US83,700 by mid-career; for finance the figures are $49,200 and $87,100; accounting $45,300 and $74,900; human resources $38,000 and $63,900; organizational management $41,900 and $60,300; marketing management $42,100 and $80,200.

For those studying at the master’s level, business degree salary expectations are likely to be higher. According to the latest TopMBA.com Jobs & Salary Trends Report, salaries for MBA graduates average almost US$109,200 in the US and Canada. In Western Europe the average earnings for those with an MBA are a little lower overall – but this varies depending on the country, while expectations in Australia are around US$117,800.

If a top salary is important to you, it may be worth while researching the latest salary trends and forecasts for different business specializations, as well as looking into the world regions reporting highest demand for business graduates.

Transferable skills gained from a business degree

During your business degree you’ll develop a broad knowledge of business operations as well as gaining targeted skills in your specific field, such as customers, markets, finance, operations, strategy, business policy, communications and IT. You’ll typically also be challenged to explore these fields within an international context, though in some cases it will be advantageous to specialize in their application within a particular country or world region.

You can also expect to gain many valuable transferable skills, which can be put to use in both everyday life or if you decide to take a completely different career path. The skills gained from a business degree are likely to include:

An understanding of how organizations operate
Strong communication skills (oral and written)
Analytical and critical thinking
Problem solving
Decision making
Logical thinking
Presentation and report writing skills
Numeracy and an understanding of how to interpret and use financial data
Self-motivation, initiative and effective time management
Project and resource management
A close understanding of economic fluctuations and other external changes affecting business

Whether or not you’re obsessed with becoming the next Sir Alan Sugar (or, for the North Americans among us, Donald Trump), a business degree is a great way to develop many of the transferable skills needed for use in a business environment.

There a number of types of business degree which you can undertake, one of the most common of which is an undergraduate business studies degree. Often a business studies degree will cover subjects such as accounting, finance, management and, increasingly, entrepreneurship. This wide range of subjects reflects the multidisciplinary nature of business, and the importance of understanding all the key elements needed to make a business successful.

If you’re looking for a degree which specializes more in a particular aspect of the business world (e.g. economics or marketing), consider taking a dedicated program in that area, or a joint honours degree (e.g. Business & Economics). The advantage of a joint degree is that you acquire general business skills along with more specialized ones, leaving you well placed when it comes to applying for graduate jobs.

What can you do with a business degree?

So, what can you do with a business degree? If you’re someone who enjoys the professionalism and high-powered nature of big business, then you’re likely to be considering a business degree as a stepping stone to a high-status, high-salary career. In today’s world, corporate business careers are available in pretty much every sector you can think of; all industries need strong leaders, managers, financial advisors and market-savvy decision-makers. For many business graduates, however, the traditional pathways still hold a strong appeal – including careers in the banking and financial sectors, consultancy, human resources and marketing roles.

If a straightforward corporate career is failing to get you excited, then a business program can also give you the skills to create your own business, or to take on business and management roles within more creative industries, be that fashion, media, or even the charity sector.

The good thing about a business studies qualification is that it can open you up to many entry-level roles upon graduation, while still allowing those who wish to specialize further the chance to improve their return on investment with a graduate degree (read: those who study to master’s level may see a much higher starting salary). Examples of postgraduate programs include Masters in Management, Masters in Finance and (for those who’ve gained some professional experience) the Masters in Business Administration (MBA).

For the purposes of this article, I’ll be focusing on business careers that can be gained via an undergraduate-level course, with and without postgraduate study. Read on for examples of typical and not so typical careers with a business degree.

Typical careers with a business degree

Don’t assume that studying business is a one-way route into business leadership and management roles – while this is a common path, business careers span multiple industries. Good business and management skills are key elements of any profitable company, and therefore effective leaders, strategic thinkers and financial experts are all in great demand. Big or small, global or national, companies all over the world are looking for business graduates like you.

Business careers in accounting and finance

Generalised business studies degrees will usually cover aspects of accountancy and finance. But if you wish to pursue a career in accounting or finance, you’ll usually need to gain further qualifications. A good option for business graduates is to apply for a graduate role, and complete a specialized qualification while you work. In many larger companies, the course costs will actually be covered by the employer.

If you do decide to go into accounting or finance, your job may involve reviewing your company’s financial situation both past and present; advising clients and colleagues on tax and expenditure; managing records and business transactions; playing a role in mergers and acquisitions; and taking responsibility for preventing bad practice as well as fraud and negligence.


For more advice on prospective careers and specializations in accounting and finance, view our individual accounting and finance subject guides.

Business careers in management

Becoming a manager is a tough job. There may be long hours, disruptive colleagues or simply a lot going on at once – but someone’s got to do it! The upside is that managerial roles are known for being higher-paid, as well as boasting many opportunities for career progression or even a career U-turn. Managers can be found across all industries and fields, and their job is to provide structure and strategy to a workplace.

Because of the responsibility of such positions, it’s unlikely you’ll find a managerial role without first gaining a further degree or a number of years of mid-level work experience. Despite this, business graduates are well-placed to become a managers later on in life, and with determination and steady career progression an additional degree may not be necessary.

Another option which may appeal is the field of business consultancy. This means working as part of a team, combining your business expertise and analytical skills in order to provide advice to other companies, usually focusing on how to optimise a specific project or part of the business. Projects and clients may vary widely, ensuring plenty of fresh challenges to get to grips with. Or you may specialize in a particular type of business, combining your business knowledge with a second field of interest, such as engineering or logistics.

Business careers in retail and sales

There’s much more to retail and sales than shelf-stacking and cold-calling, especially if you’re armed with a business degree. Opportunities within sales and retail teams are numerous, including shop-based and office-based roles, as well as travelling positions for which a good knowledge of global markets is a must.

For those looking to rise to the higher levels of retail and sales careers, large companies often offer the chance to undertake a graduate training program or trainee management program, in order to fast-track your position within the company. This can be highly valuable in gaining on-the-job experience, while continuing to develop your business and management skills in a commercial world. Such programs can be highly competitive and often require good grades as well as a proven passion for the industry.

Other common graduate careers with a business degree include roles within auditing, banking, communications, distribution, energy and utilities, hospitality and leisure, IT, insurance, journalism, law, logistics, manufacturing, media administration, production management, public relations, the public sector and defense, risk management and tax. As mentioned above, every sector needs good business brains!

Less typical careers with a business degree

And, you may ask, what can you do with a business degree without following the typical routes? Well, you can do rather a lot. Roles requiring business acumen and analytical thinking are innumerable, and your choice of which industry to head into is likely to be based on personal interests. It’s a cliché, but true – if you work for a company, product or service you truly believe in, you’re likely to be more motivated and effective in your role, and progress your career more rapidly.

Business careers in media

Although business studies degrees may not seem like the most creative of pathways, they can in fact lead to lots of roles within creative industries. Media is one such widespread industry, an umbrella term covering TV, film, online, newspaper and magazine publishing, events and more. While you’re unlikely to be directly involved in creative tasks such as writing, video editing or animation production, you’ll need a solid understanding of the media sector within which you’re working. Business careers in media include roles in sales, human resources, PR, finance and accounting, operations, marketing and branding, as well as overall management and strategic direction.

Business careers in marketing and advertising

Opportunities in marketing and advertising are numerous for business graduates, particularly for those with a bit of creative flair. In these industries, business graduates can use the analysis and report-writing skills honed during their degree in order to conduct market research, develop marketing strategies, manage client relationships, liaise with copywriters, designers and printers, analyze markets and evaluate campaign results. You’re likely to be working alongside specialists such as designers, video producers and copywriters, and will need to continually broaden your own skillset to keep pace with changes in technology and market trends.

Business careers in human resources

Business doesn’t have to be a dog-eat-dog world, and careers within human resources offer roles which require both business acumen and highly honed interpersonal skills. Recruitment, training and pay are all areas handled by the HR department. Great communication skills are essential, but you’ll also be expected to have a good basic understanding of business operations and management (which you should have gained during your degree), as well as detailed and up-to-date knowledge of employment laws and company regulations.

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‘What Can You Do With a Business Degree?’ is part of our ‘What Can You Do With…’ series. We have also covered biology, communications, English, fashion, history, law, marketing, mathematics and psychology.
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